United States

FTC opens probe into OpenAI, Anthropic and METR

An FTC official confirmed an investigation into potential dangers of the companies' AI; civil investigative demands were planned in the following weeks.

Semafor, Sep 30, 2026

Executive Order 14434: Inaugurating the Era of Super Intelligence

Tells agencies to say 'Super Intelligence' (SI) instead of 'AI' in official documents and gives the President's science adviser 60 days to propose a legal definition.

“the executive branch shall use the terms “Super Intelligence” and “SI” in place of “Artificial Intelligence” and “AI””

Federal Register, 91 FR 63129, Oct 2, 2026

White House accord on frontier model safety with AI company leaders

Voluntary accord signed by Trump and leaders of Google, Anthropic, Meta, OpenAI, xAI and Nvidia, describing internal controls, external auditors and an independent oversight committee.

“robust internal processes and controls to ensure that their technology behaves as intended.”

Defense One, Sep 29, 2026

Third Circuit affirms Thomson Reuters v. Ross: copying headnotes to train AI was not fair use

Precedential appeals ruling that Westlaw headnotes are protected and that Ross's use to train its legal AI was not fair use, noting a market for licensing training data.

“Unlike necessity, ease is not a justification for copying.” Court's words as quoted by Haynes Boone; we did not read the opinion itself.

Haynes Boone (law firm alert), Oct 2, 2026

D.C. Circuit lets Pentagon label Anthropic a 'supply chain risk'

A 2-1 appeals panel rejected Anthropic's challenge, so the Defense Department can keep removing Claude from its systems and contractors' defense work.

“on what Anthropic does, not why Anthropic does it.”

Associated Press (via CP24), Sep 25, 2026

Bartz v. Anthropic: $1.5 billion settlement gets final approval

Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín approved the record copyright settlement: about $3,000 per book for over 400,000 books.

“Anthropic had no entitlement to use pirated copies for a central library.”

JURIST, Jul 22, 2026

FTC proposed policy statement on AI accuracy and state-law pre-emption

FTC (2-0) proposed that distorting AI outputs for undisclosed ideological goals may be deceptive under Section 5, and said Colorado's AI Act may be pre-empted; comments closed 2026-07-31.

“This crucial input will help the Commission formulate a final policy”

FTC press release, Jul 1, 2026

Executive Order 14409: Promoting Advanced AI Innovation and Security

AI-for-cyber-defense order: classified benchmark for frontier models, a voluntary framework for up to 30 days of pre-release government access, and an industry clearinghouse; rules out mandatory licensing.

“Advanced AI capabilities make our Nation stronger, but also introduce new national security considerations”

Federal Register, 91 FR 34565, Jun 5, 2026

TAKE IT DOWN Act: platform removal duties take effect

Covered platforms must remove non-consensual intimate images, including AI deepfakes, within 48 hours of a valid request; the FTC enforces.

WilmerHale (law firm alert), Jun 15, 2026

White House 'National Policy Framework for AI': legislative recommendations to Congress

Non-binding four-page blueprint asking Congress to pre-empt burdensome state AI laws, add child-safety rules, and leave AI-training copyright questions to the courts.

“Congress should preempt state AI laws that impose undue burdens”

The White House (PDF), Mar 2026

EO 14365 deadline: Commerce list of 'onerous' state AI laws

Deadline for Commerce to publish its evaluation of state AI laws; as of late March 2026 it had not been publicly released.

Holland & Knight (law firm alert), Mar 27, 2026

Supreme Court declines Thaler v. Perlmutter (AI cannot be an author)

The Supreme Court denied review, leaving in place the D.C. Circuit ruling that copyright requires a human author.

Mayer Brown (law firm alert), Mar 11, 2026

Justice Department sets up AI Litigation Task Force

Attorney General memo creating a task force whose sole job is to challenge state AI laws that conflict with federal AI policy.

“whose sole responsibility shall be to challenge State AI laws inconsistent with the policy.”

U.S. Department of Justice, Attorney General memorandum, Jan 9, 2026

FDA and EMA: Guiding Principles of Good AI Practice in Drug Development

Ten principles from FDA (CDER/CBER) and the European Medicines Agency for industry use of AI in drug development; non-binding.

FDA, Artificial Intelligence for Drug Development, May 1, 2026

Executive Order 14365: Ensuring a National Policy Framework for AI

Created a Justice Department task force to challenge state AI laws, ordered Commerce to list 'onerous' state laws, tied some BEAD broadband funds to them, and asked the FCC and FTC to act on pre-emption.

“minimally burdensome national policy framework for AI”

Federal Register, 90 FR 58499, Dec 16, 2025

Executive Order 14363: Launching the Genesis Mission

National effort run by the Energy Department to apply AI to scientific discovery through a shared platform of supercomputers, models and federal datasets.

“a national effort to accelerate the application of AI for transformative scientific discovery”

The White House, Presidential Actions, Nov 24, 2025

Bartz v. Anthropic settlement preliminarily approved

Court gave preliminary approval to a $1.5 billion class settlement over pirated books.

JURIST, Jul 22, 2026

Executive Order 14318: Accelerating Federal Permitting of Data Center Infrastructure

Speeds permits, environmental reviews and federal land use for large AI data centers; revokes Biden's EO 14141 on data centers.

Federal Register Vol. 90, No. 142 (via govinfo), Jul 28, 2025

Executive Order 14319: Preventing Woke AI in the Federal Government

Agencies may buy only large language models that meet two 'Unbiased AI Principles': truth-seeking and ideological neutrality.

“procure only those LLMs developed in accordance with the following two principles”

Federal Register, 90 FR 35389, Jul 28, 2025

Executive Order 14320: Promoting the Export of the American AI Technology Stack

Told Commerce to set up, within 90 days, a program to help US firms sell full AI technology packages abroad.

“to support the American AI industry by promoting the export of full-stack American AI technology packages.”

Federal Register Vol. 90, No. 142 (via govinfo), Jul 28, 2025

Senate strips 10-year state AI-law moratorium from budget bill, 99-1

The Senate voted 99-1 to remove a proposed moratorium on enforcing state AI laws from the reconciliation bill.

“We applaud the Senate's extraordinary 99-1 vote to strip the AI moratorium from the reconciliation bill.”

National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), Jul 1, 2025

America's AI Action Plan ('Winning the Race')

White House plan with 103 listed policy actions under three pillars: innovation, infrastructure, and international diplomacy and security.

“The AI race is America's to win, and this Action Plan is our roadmap to victory.”

The White House, America's AI Action Plan (PDF), Jul 2025

Kadrey v. Meta (N.D. Cal.): Meta's copying of books held fair use on this record

Judge Vince Chhabria's rulings (fair use earlier in June 2025; DMCA claim dismissed 2025-06-27) went Meta's way on the evidence presented.

“Meta's copying must be deemed fair use as a matter of law based on the evidence presented at summary judgment.”

U.S. District Court N.D. Cal., Case 23-cv-03417-VC, Doc. 601 (via govinfo), Jun 27, 2025

Bartz v. Anthropic (N.D. Cal.): training on purchased books is fair use, pirated library is not

Judge William Alsup ruled that training on books and scanning bought print copies was fair use, but downloading over seven million pirated books for a permanent library was not.

“exceedingly transformative” Court's words as quoted by Akin Gump.

Akin Gump AI law tracker, Jun 23, 2025

TAKE IT DOWN Act signed (S. 146, Public Law 119-12)

Federal law on non-consensual intimate images, including AI-generated deepfakes; platforms must remove them within 48 hours of a valid request (platform duties from 2026-05-19).

Compilation of Presidential Documents DCPD-202500614 (govinfo), May 19, 2025

US Copyright Office report, Part 3: Generative AI Training (pre-publication version)

Pre-publication version of the report on using copyrighted works to train AI; the Office says a final version will follow with no substantive changes expected.

U.S. Copyright Office, Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Oct 19, 2026

Executive Order 14277: Advancing AI Education for American Youth

Set up a White House AI education task force and a national student and teacher competition, the Presidential AI Challenge.

Federal Register Vol. 90, No. 80 (via govinfo), Apr 28, 2025

Thomson Reuters v. Ross Intelligence (D. Del.): no fair use for copying Westlaw headnotes

Judge Stephanos Bibas granted partial summary judgment to Thomson Reuters, rejecting Ross's fair use defense for using 2,243 headnotes to build an AI legal research tool.

Haynes Boone (law firm alert), Oct 2, 2026

US Copyright Office report, Part 2: Copyrightability

Second part of the report, on when works made with AI can be protected by copyright.

U.S. Copyright Office, Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Oct 19, 2026

Executive Order 14179: Removing Barriers to American Leadership in AI

Ordered an AI Action Plan within 180 days and a review of actions taken under the revoked Biden order; OMB told to revise its AI memos.

“sustain and enhance America's global AI dominance”

Federal Register, 90 FR 8741, Jan 31, 2025

Executive Order 14148: Initial Rescissions of Harmful Executive Orders and Actions

On his first day back in office, President Trump revoked Biden's AI order (EO 14110) along with many others.

“(ggg) Executive Order 14110 of October 30, 2023”

Federal Register Vol. 90, No. 17 (via govinfo), Jan 28, 2025

FDA draft guidance on AI-enabled medical device software

Draft lifecycle guidance for developers of AI-enabled medical devices, covering documentation, transparency and bias.

“specific considerations unique to AI-enabled devices”

FDA press announcement, Jan 6, 2025

US Copyright Office report, Part 1: Digital Replicas

First part of the Copyright Office's report on copyright and AI, on digital replicas of people's voices and likenesses.

U.S. Copyright Office, Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Oct 19, 2026

NIST Generative AI Profile (NIST AI 600-1)

Companion to the AI RMF covering risks specific to generative AI; voluntary.

NIST, AI Risk Management Framework page, Aug 13, 2026

SEC's first 'AI washing' cases: Delphia and Global Predictions

Two investment advisers settled SEC charges of false claims about using AI, paying $400,000 in total civil penalties.

“Investment advisers should not mislead the public by saying they are using an AI model when they are not.”

SEC press release 2024-36, Mar 18, 2024

FCC declaratory ruling: AI-generated voices in robocalls are 'artificial' under the TCPA

Unanimous FCC ruling (adopted 2024-02-02, released 2024-02-08) that robocalls using AI-generated voices fall under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act's limits.

“To be clear, we understand that not all AI-generated calls may be deceptive or annoy all consumers.”

FCC, Declaratory Ruling FCC 24-17, Feb 8, 2024

Executive Order 14110: Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of AI (signed 2023-10-30)

Biden order requiring developers of potential dual-use foundation models to report training and red-team results to the government under the Defense Production Act.

“Artificial intelligence (AI) holds extraordinary potential for both promise and peril.”

Federal Register, 88 FR 75191, Nov 1, 2023

NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0)

Voluntary framework from NIST to help organizations manage AI risks; NIST says it is being revised under the 2025 AI Action Plan.

“The AI RMF 1.0 is being revised as part of the White House AI Action Plan.”

NIST, AI Risk Management Framework page, Aug 13, 2026